Machiavellis View on Human Nature Essay - 1454 Words

Machiavelli’s View on Human Nature The author, Niccolà ³ Machiavelli, is different from other humanists in his time, because his view on the nature of man contradicts what most humanists believed. Humanists of that time believed that individuals played an important role to the well-being of the state, and that â€Å"†¦ they also believed in classicism’s basic tenet that human nature is inherently rational and good† (Western Humanities, pg. 343). Machiavelli, however, had a negative view on human nature and made the central message of his writings based on human weakness (Western Humanities, pg. 346). In The Prince, Machiavelli describes the many negative traits that are inherent among human beings. These traits included are that: people are†¦show more content†¦This requires the people of the state to be obedient. Between cruelty and kindness, cruelty is more efficient, but only in the interests of maintaining the overall welfare of the state. If the prince were to exhibit only cruelty, then the citizens would turn against him and he would eventually be hated. Through this statement, we can see that Machiavelli’s argument is an extension of his partial view on human nature. This argument is logical because as we can see today, we have punishments for those who commit crimes. People follow laws because they fear the punishment that comes with breaking them. And, that some measure of cruelty is necessary to maintain order. The repercussions may not be as extreme as it was back then, but the general idea still exists. This also ties in with another of Machiavelli’s views in that people are trustworthy when times are good, but become selfish, deceitful, and driven by profit when times are bad. Machiavelli argues that when the state is in times of prosperity and good terms, the citizens will be happy and will be obedient to the prince. But when the state becomes threatened or if the prince does not lead the state well, then the citizens will become disorderly and selfish. This can be found in Chapter IX when Machiavelli states that in times of prosperity, everyone declares allegianceShow MoreRelated Machiavelli’s View of Human Nature Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesMachiavelli’s View of Human Nature Simple versions of Machiavelli’s conception of human nature may readily be elicited from The Prince. It is easy to find textual support for claims that appear to presuppose or be equivalent to some version of psychological egoism. He says, for example, that â€Å"men in general †¦ are ungrateful, voluble, dissemblers, anxious to avoid danger, and covetous of gain; as long as you benefit them, they are entirely yours,† but their â€Å"love is held by a chain of obligationRead MoreEssay about Machiavelli’s View of Human Nature583 Words   |  3 Pages Machiavelli’s philosophy about the nature of man is that man possesses both good and bad qualities, but will lean towards his own self-interests when all things are equal: thus man is a fickle creature. Machiavelli’s view of human nature influences his view of government.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Machiavelli writes, â€Å"that man has qualities that will bring him either praise or blame† and because aRead MoreAnalysis Of The Prince By Niccolo Machiavelli832 Words   |  4 Pageswas of the view that politics has the morality of its own, and that there is no repute of justice or injustice, of brutality or forgiveness, of agreement or dishonor, which should interfere with the decision of defending the state and preserving its freedom. The Prince was written as a letter of personal advice to Lorenzo Medici. He has made numerous recommendations to the ruler in instruction to protect his power (Jacobs). Apart from this, he underscored the ideology of human nature, which accordingRead MoreComparing Nicolo Machiavelli s The Prince1014 Words   |  5 PagesWhile the human race is incredibly diverse and expansive, many writers and philosophers work to find common characteristics that they can attribute to what is typically referred to as human nature. Nico lo Machiavelli provides his beliefs on human nature in his text, The Prince. While this work mostly surrounds the proper way to lead a princedom, there are many parts of the text that show how human nature affects the way a prince should rule his people. The examples of princes having to work aroundRead MoreNiccolo Machiavelli s The Prince1699 Words   |  7 Pagesworld leaders to political antiheroes in television dramas, characterizing someone as a â€Å"Machiavellian figure† is perceived more as derisive description than an accurate representation of that person’s philosophical views of power. This popular depiction is due to Niccolo Machiavelli’s harsh portrayal of the interlaced relationship between power and politics in his treatise, The Prince. Machiavelli begins his work by contending that it is â€Å"more effective† to reveal the â€Å"practical truth of a subject†Read MoreNiccolo Machiavellis The Prince810 Words   |  3 Pages Niccolo Machiavelli’s most famous book, The Prince, contains the most valid information for a prince, a president, and even a king, to keep hold of their own power. Machiavelli tells about the importance and power of political action, his opinions, and most of all philosophy at it’s finest. Throughout the twenty-six chapters of this book he describes the bold, brave, practical, and powerful prince and how the prince’s life should be lived. Machiavelli’s view of human nature is used as justificationRead More Machiavelli?s View Of Human Nature Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pages Machiavelli’s view of human nature. Machiavelli has long been required reading for everyone intrested in politics and power. In The Prince Niccolo M achiavelli presents a unique view on governing a state. Machiavelli believes the ruling Prince should be the only authority that should determine every aspect of the state and put in effect a policy which would serve his best interests. These interests were gaining, maintaining, and expanding his political power. (Machiavelli,5). His understandingRead MoreThe Political Theories Of Machiavelli, Niccolo Machiavelli And Thomas Hobbes1456 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent views of human nature, which is what people are fundamentally like. In order for a political theory to function in a certain society, it needs to understand how people think and act. Three prominent political theorists were Aristotle, Niccolo Machiavelli, and Thomas Hobbes. Aristotle viewed humans as natural â€Å"political animals† that have both rational and irrational sides to them, allowing for a government that provided overall goodness for the people. Machiavelli took a more grim view of humanRead MoreEssay about Reflection on Machiavelli919 Words   |  4 PagesMachiavelli was born on May 3, 1469 in Florence, Italy. Florence was considered one of the most dominant Italian power to conquer. It was the main attraction for the renaissances influences. Throughout the years, Machiavellis presence was around the time that both the French and Spanish armies were fighting over the control of Italy. During this time, Italy was falling apart because it was deficient in leadership. Machiavelli served 14 years as Chancellor of Florence before he was exiled inRead MoreMachiavelli s A Comparison Of Ideals748 Words   |  3 Pagesthe basis of sovereignty. All things considered, government is still a very broad term. Many have spent years philosophizing the different ways the system of government can function as. Two men, specifically, have thought quite a bit about power, human nature, and the ideal way of governing.   Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s political philosophy in  The Social Contract speaks often of freedom. Some of his popular ideas are the general will that expresses the need for said freedom. Government’s creation was for

The Influence Of Zionism On The Creation Of A Jewish State

Zion Since biblical times Jewish communities lived in Arab lands, in Persia, India, East and North Africa and indeed in Palestine. However more modern times have seen them as a nomadic people, living in various countries but never truly finding a land to call there own. In the late 19th and early 20th century an idea began to gain solidarity and momentum, that of Zionism. The idea of Zionism, to create a Jewish state, is arguably one of modern society’s most polarizing and influential movements. Zionism has influenced political, religious, and social groups in a variety of ways that culminated in the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine.(Cohen, week 10) The term Zionism, as it is understood today, began to be used significantly by the political activist Herzl. Herzl was driven to action following the event of the infamous anti-Semitic Dreyfus affair in which a Jewish/French officer was wrongly accused of spying for Germany. This led Herzl to believe that anywhere the Jews went t hey would be unfairly persecuted. Herzl’s solution, create an independent Jewish state. To realize his goal Herzl began to look to political, religious, and social groups to garner support for his cause. (Cohen, Week 10) The global political landscape is fickle and has a habit of mutating and evolving in strange ways. The view of Zionist movement was hardly unaffected by these rapid changes in political mindset and agenda. Pre World War 1 era saw a primary anti-sematic Europe, from FrancesShow MoreRelatedThe Creation Of The Jewish State As Part Of Palestine1281 Words   |  6 PagesNations General Assembly recommended the creation of the Jewish state as part of Palestine. Many events in the Jewish history gave purpose to create Israel. The most important were Zionism and Holocaust, as well as end of the Second World War, where French and British have their influence on Arab world. Genocide of the European Jews was at the horror point and led to the demand for the Jewish Stat e. The process of the creation of Israel started with the Zionism movement that was happening in 1897 andRead MoreEssay about The Collapse of the Ottoman Empire1790 Words   |  8 PagesGod had made a covenant with the Jewish people to return them to the Land of Canaan or the Biblical Promise land (Christian Zionists share sympathize with the Jews, based on common backgrounds). Yet in the Quran, as espoused by the Prophet Muhammad, the lands of Jerusalem are said to be the holiest of all Arabic lands. Three movements would develop in response to these deep divisions. The Zionism movement, the Arabism movement, and the Palestinian movement. The Zionism movement, as outlined by TheodoreRead MoreThe Arab Israeli Conflict Between Islam And Judaism Essay1466 Words   |  6 Pagestwo movements, Zionism and Arab Nationalism, showcase the emerging question of identity during the 19th and 20th centuries. The Arab states, long ruled by Western colonial powers, emerged from the Mandate sys tem weak and powerless. Why British troops did not leave Palestine until May 1st, 1948. Prior to this, the British proclaimed their support for a Jewish state through the Balfour Declaration (1917). In 1947 the United Nations released resolution no. 181 which created two states, one Palestinian-ArabRead MoreZionism and the Impact of World War One on the Middle East1534 Words   |  6 Pagesnationalist movement of Zionism emerged out of the Jewish people’s need for a national state of their own. This idea harkens back to the establishment of the Kingdom of Israel after the Exodus. The Holy Land and all of its historic prestige persisted in Jewish culture as they spread throughout the Diaspora for 2000 years. Restrictions and persecution followed the Jewish people as they were met with prejudice throughout Eastern and Western Europe. Organized political Zionism grew from tsarist RussiaRead MoreNational Identity And Religious Identity1707 Words   |  7 Pagesdifficult for the country to move forward, as the divergent views of the different factions have led to a great number of violent altercations, both in the political sphere and in religious circles as well.  This essay is a strong attempt at analyzing Zionism, and look into how Israel as a nation has been able to separate the idea of national identity and religious identity within the nation. The essay shall rely heavily on journal articles and books on the matter. Also, it shall rely on documentariesRead MoreEssay about The Arab-Israel Conflict1207 Words   |  5 Pageswas seen from the world and how it influence other nations, including the super powers, during the Cold War Era. There was a rise in Zionism in the area of Palestine and abroad from Jewish who wanted a state. 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Overall, the Palestine question – and it was just that: a question regarding Palestine, not Israel – was answered based on the state of event s in theRead MoreEssay about Supporting Israel: Recent Rise of Anti-Semitism1198 Words   |  5 PagesEvery time someone turns on the news there is so much that is going on in the world like the Russians secret nuclear plant, the President of the United States flirts and takes selfie, actors that died or are going to rehab, violence against ethnicities in Syria , and fighting for religious freedom in Egypt. How much of this is real? How much attention is given to the important news? The media has a tendency of showing what they know will be popular eve, if it’s not true. Like the previous examplesRead More Theodor Herzl: Father of Zionism? Essay2269 Words   |  10 PagesTheodor Herzl: Father of Zionism? Theodor Herzl is often referred to today as the Father of Zionism, a man known for his role in the establishment of a homeland for the Jewish people. His most famous pamphlet, The Jewish State, inspired thousands of Jewish men and women from across the world, although particularly in Europe, to leave their homes to realize the glory of creating their own homeland in Palestine. While Herzl was originally a believer in the gradual assimilation of German and AustrianRead MoreIn 1948, the Zionist movement realized its goal of creating a national home for the Jewish people1700 Words   |  7 Pagesof creating a national home for the Jewish people by founding the State of Israel. Zionists had been working toward this goal for decades, but only won decisive international support in the aftermath of the Holocaust, a catastrophe that supported the Zionist argument that the Jewish people would only be safe in their own state, where they could live as they chose and defend their culture. Ind eed, the Holocaust was the single most important factor in the creation of Israel, in large part because the

Management Perspectives of Woolworth-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Critically analyse the roles, functions that managers perform and discuss the challenges and risks they have to address in todays changing Organisations. Answer: Introduction of the company: Woolworth is the company that operates its business in retail industry in Australia. The company has started its business by opening its first store in the year 1924. This suggests that the company is very old and thus have a trust worthy brand name in the market. The company has used many strategies such as acquisition and mergers and made many efforts in reaching the position where it is today(Demirkan, Kauffman, Vayghan, Fill, Karagiannis and Maglio, 2009). It has acquired many small companies and today, it is the largest retailer in the country and has around 31% of the total market share. Woolworth is not only operating in Australia but also paved its way towards the global international countries such India. In India, the company operates by the joint venture with TATA (Wilson,Tucker, Hooker, LeJeune and Doohan, 2008). The company also has its stores in New Zealand and other countries. Management structure and the roles of managers This diagram shows the management structure of the company. It has been analysed from the structure that the roles of managers in the company are very much important and crucial. Without managers, the company cannot survive for long. Following are some of the roles and the functions of the managers in the organisation. Roles: Managers play a very important role in the organisation. The changes in the organisational structure change the role and the importance of managers in the organisation. The first role that has been played by the managers is to act as the leader (Drori, Hllerer and Walgenbach, 2013). Managers have to lead the employees under them and thus they act as the leaders. According to the management structure of the company called Woolworth, it has been identified that the company has different managers for each department. Thus these managers act as leaders for the employees of the different departments. Woolworth operates in the retail industry and thus every store requires a manager to manage the sales staff of the store. They have to directly communicate with the customers as well. This practice forces the store managers to be negotiator (Grewal, Levy and Kumar, 2009). They also play the role of negotiator when the changes in the organisation are occurring. As in case of Woolworth, maintai ning the relation with the suppliers is also very much important for the company and this was done by the managers only. A manager also has top act as the figurehead. Figurehead is the one who is filled by all other members of the company. Functions The major functions of the managers in the company are planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling. Al these functions real lost conducted by the managers of Woolworth (Samson and Singh, 2008). The first function that is planning is the process that allows the managers to make the plan for conducting the process or activity in the organisation, organizing refers to allocation and arrangement of the resources and the activities in sequential order. Staffing means recruiting the required human resources, direction means providing direction to the employees and controlling means monitoring the whole process of the organisation. Legitimacy of management and impact of social and political factors on management: Legitimacy of management can be defined as the governance of the management. This legitimacy comes when the social and the political factors affect the management of the company. Woolworths management was also impacted by the outside political and the social environment. The company used to adapt the localization strategy in order to serve the customers of different places with the choice of their products. This is the result of social impact on the management (Harris, Kacmar, Zivnuska and Shaw, 2007). The company also focuses on the diversity of the workforce. As far as the political framework is considered, the company looks for the political stability in the country and believes in maintaining the laws and the legal legislations passed by the country government in regard with retail industry. The management has to make such policies that are in consideration with the legal framework of the country. Challenges and risks faced by them: Challenges faced by the managers in 21st century are large in number. This is because of introduction of new trends, increase in competition and also the changing needs and requirement of the employees. As the case of Woolworth is considered, there are many instances that show that Woolworth managers are facing challenges to handle the staff and thus, making wring decision in managing the organisations (Wahyuni, 2010). Review of the employees of Woolworth suggests that the company is not conscious about the employees and the managers are unable to take care of the bad practices such as bullying that are occurring in the organisation. It has been claimed by an employees from the store of NSW that one of the manager is doing such bullying to the employees thus letting down the company. In general there are many challenges that can be faced by the manager such as diversity. Different needs of employees, training, etc. Thus keeping in mind all these things, it is necessary for the Woolworth managers to take strict action against such unethical practices in the company (Dos Santos, 2011). Organisation culture: Organisation culture of the company can be defined as the beliefs and the values of the company to deal with all the stakeholders. It is the environment of the company and the values that are followed by the company to do business (King and Thobela, 2014). Woolworth is the brand that has value based culture. This company believes in delivery great products to their customers along with the welfare and development of the employees. The people strategy has been incorporated in the company in order to develop the employees of the firm. This strategy aims at providing and enhancing the employee engagement in the organisation, enhancing value based leadership. Developing the employees by showing them the career path is also the aim of people strategy (Arli, Dylke, Burgess, Campus and Soldo, 2013). The company also focuses on development of skills and leadership of the people. This requires the company to train the employees. Woolworth ensures that every individual or the employee in the organisations get equal opportunity. The company has implemented the strategy to hire more and more disabled people in the organisation to perform the tasks that can be done by them. The company also focuses on providing remuneration and schemes to the employees and thus organise many programs for the same. This overall discussion suggests that the culture so the organisation is very much employee oriented (Financial Review, 2017). Impact of ethics, values and diversity: Ethics can be defined as the moral principles that have been followed by the organisation or the individual. Ethical consideration is very much important for any of the organisation. This is because ethics provides a behavior framework for the company to be followed. Values at the same time are the beliefs of the company that are also been followed by each and every employees of the company. The last thing is diversity. Diversity can be defined as the variation in the process and the workforce of the company (NewsComAu., 2017). Diversity in culture of the resources and diversity in various processes are t the culture of the organisation as well as the working and functions of the managers in the company. Woolworth is the company that operates its business in various countries and thus has to maintain the ethical framework of each and every country along with its base country. Diversity also needs to be amended at the same time. On culture: Ethics affect the culture of the organisation very much. This is because the organisational culture can be firmed only by considering the ethical principles that needs to be followed by the company. Woolworth is the fir that focuses on maintaining the ethical values in training the employees as well as other stakeholders of the company (Mumbrella.com.au., 2017). As the company is very much dependent on the customers so making the ethical framework for the customers is also the need for the company. This frames the best of the company's organisational structure. Values of the company also have its impact on the organisational culture. As discussed that Woolworth is the vale based company and thus the structure of the organisation is also complementary to it (Keith, 2012). Last factor is diversity; diversity in Woolworth is in the workforce as well as in the process. As the company has diversity in its functions as it affects the organisational culture of the company. Woolworth culture is very much customer as well as employee oriented. This is because the company has to deal with the customers as well as the employee at the same time. Diversity beings innovation in the company and enables the company to bring advancement in the process according to the diversity in its functions and workforce. On managers: Managers play greater roles in the company. This has already been discussed in the above section that Woolworth is the firm that is facing many challenges in terms of management. The factors like ethics, values and diversity affect the managerial functions and roles in the company. Ethics in the company needs to be implemented by the managers only (Digital, 2017). Managers need to consider the ethical issues in framing the plans for the process that needs to be conducted in the organisation. It is also necessary to involve the values of the company. Managers are the one who acts as the leaders and the employees follow the managers. Values of the company are the elements that need to be taught to the employees at the time they enter the organisation. This is the duty of the manager to follow such values nada los ensures that the employees are following the same (Woolworths, 2017). The last factor is diversity. Diversity also affects the managers work. The managers need to implement th e strategies that consider the views of all the employees who have diverse culture and beliefs. Thus it makes it difficult for the managers to handle such workforce who have different backgrounds. This is because the people from different backgrounds have different perspectives and considering the views of all becomes 1impossible. This enables the manager to take the most intelligent decision by hearing the opinions of all the members. Results and conclusion: It has been concluded from the above case study that organisational culture of the organisation gets affected by many factors. It is the basis of nay of the organisation and the factors like ethics, values and the diversity affect the organisations culture., the managers of the organisations are the one who needs to deal with such evolution in the organisation culture,. They play different roles in the organisations such as of leaders, negotiator, motivator etc. They also play many functions such as planning, organisation etc. As far as the companies like Woolworth is considered, it has been analysed that Woolworth is the form that operates in the industry of supermarket or retail market (Financial Review., 2017). This company has its brand image in the country but still face some of the movement issues now and then. This is because of the change in the culture and the external business environment of the place. This commonly believes in value based culture and follows the ethical fr amework properly. Diversity in the workforce and the changing values of the company affect the roles of managers and the organisations culture of the company and they form the basis for developing the culture of the organisation and the managerial functions as well References: Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E., 2013. Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Demirkan, H., Kauffman, R.J., Vayghan, J.A., Fill, H.G., Karagiannis, D. and Maglio, P.P., 2009. Service-oriented technology and management: Perspectives on research and practice for the coming decade.Electronic commerce research and applications,7(4), pp.356-376. Digital, B., 2017.WOOLWORTHS HOLDINGS LIMITED | CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | RISK MANAGEMENT. [online] Woolworthsholdings.co.za. Available at: https://www.woolworthsholdings.co.za/governance/risk_management.asp [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017]. Dos Santos, M.A., 2011. Minimising the business impact on the natural environment: A case study of Woolworths South Africa.European Business Review,23(4), pp.384-391. Drori, G.S., Hllerer, M.A. and Walgenbach, P. eds., 2013.Global themes and local variations in organisation and management: Perspectives on glocalisation. Routledge. Financial Review., 2017.10 challenges for Woolworths. [online] Available at: https://www.afr.com/business/10-challenges-for-woolworths-20150120-12u29m [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017]. Financial Review., 2017.Why ignoring customers doesn't work. [online] Available at: https://www.afr.com/business/woolworths--what-went-wrong-at-the-supermarket-giant-20150507-ggwuqp [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017]. Grewal, D., Levy, M. and Kumar, V., 2009. Customer experience management in retailing: An organising framework.Journal of Retailing,85(1), pp.1-14. Harris, K.J., Kacmar, K.M., Zivnuska, S. and Shaw, J.D., 2007. The impact of political skill on impression management effectiveness.Journal of Applied psychology,92(1), p.278. Keith, S., 2012. Coles, Woolworths and the local.Locale: The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies,2, pp.47-81. King, L. and Thobela, S., 2014. Woolworths farming for the future.International Food and Agribusiness Management Review,17(B). Mumbrella.com.au., 2017.woolworths-where-did-it-go-wrong [online] Available at: https://mumbrella.com.au/woolworths-where-did-it-go-wrong-308694 [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017]. NewsComAu., 2017.A barrel of bad news for Woolies. [online] Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/woolworths-profits-slide/news-story/0c288542f3827e280dbd77be837167f0 [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017]. Samson, D. and Singh, P.J., 2008.Operations management: An integrated approach. Cambridge University Press. Wahyuni, D., 2010. The Importance of Supply Chain Management in Competitive Business: A Case Study on Woolworths. Wilson, R.S., Tucker, M.A., Hooker, N.H., LeJeune, J.T. and Doohan, D., 2008. Perceptions and beliefs about weed management: perspectives of Ohio grain and produce farmers.Weed Technology,22(2), pp.339-350. Woolworths, M., 2017.Management mistakes cost Woolworths. [online] Business News. Available at: https://www.businessnews.com.au/article/Management-mistakes-cost-Woolworths [Accessed 17 Jun. 2017].

Cubs Vs. Sox free essay sample

Cubs vs. Sox There is a choice that many people in Chicago have had to make that decides who your friends are and who your enemies are. The choice is Cubs or Sox? To me the choice was easy The Sox are the better team and they are fun to watch. Others think the Cubs are the better team but I don’t see why. How can the Cubs be so great if they haven’t won the World Series in 100 years? How can you strive for greatness with your fans saying â€Å"We’ll win next year.† When cub fans say the Cubs have more potential than the Sox I bring up that World Series we won. Some people bring up the curse of the goat but I say the Red Sox broke their curse and if the Cubs are so great why can’t they break theirs? Even though the white Sox season was less than perfect we didn’t go down without a fight and we’re going to come back strong. We will write a custom essay sample on Cubs Vs. Sox or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Maybe the Cubs would win if they stopped blaming one thing or another and started trying to improve and blamed themselves for how badly they play when your team is called the Chicago Orphans from 1898 – 1901 you can tell you have been abandoned by your fans. When the white Sox won the World Series I felt that I had proven who the better team was, but the cub fans did what they do best and made up excuses, especially about the A.J Pierzynski play where the call was a third strike but he ran to first base and was called safe because of the drop third strike rule. For all I’m concerned that’s a reward of hard work and knowing how the game is played. Those are the reasons that the White Sox won in the first place. That’s how I feel, and I don’t care if you agree with me or not. Go Sox!